Pakistan says 28 killed in airstrikes on Afghanistan

Pakistan's information ministry said on Monday that 28 "terrorists" and suicide bombers were killed in airstrikes on three targets in Afghanistan.

The air strikes could reignite tensions between the neighbours after nearly three months of relative calm.

Taliban government rejected the Pakistani count of terrorists as "not true", and said three civilians were killed in the strikes.

The Afghan side "will respond appropriately to this aggression," said Zabihullah Mujahid, chief spokesman of the Taliban government.

Pakistan's military did not immediately respond to a request for comment on civilian casualties.

Mubin Khan, a farmer who was injured in the latest bombardment, told AFP: "During the night we were targeted... the house got destroyed."

Khan said three members of his family died.

Relations between the former allies have been strained for years amid widening insurgencies in Pakistan, with Islamabad accusing Kabul of harbouring militants who stage cross-border attacks from Afghan territory. Tensions escalated this February and hundreds died in airstrikes, drone attacks, and artillery fire in the first half of the year.

Afghanistan's Taliban government denies the accusation that it's harbouring anti-Pakistan militants and says militancy is Pakistan's internal problem.

The airstrikes on Monday came after a police facility in the northwestern Pakistani district of Kohat was attacked by Islamist militants on Friday, killing at least 24 people, including 15 police officials.

Prior militant attacks in Pakistan have often prompted retaliatory strikes from Pakistan.

A separate exchange of fire on Sunday killed six Pakistani soldiers, including two officers, and eight militants in the adjacent district of Hangu near the Afghan border, according to a Pakistani army statement.

At least one house in Kunar province was hit in the strikes on Monday, killing three members of the same family and injuring four others, Taliban deputy spokesperson Hamdullah Fitrat said in a post on X.

"In Barmal District of Paktika (province), two locations...were bombarded, destroying one shop and one unoccupied house, with no casualties reported," he said.

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Widening insurgencies

Last week's attack in Kohat raised new concerns in Pakistan over widening insurgencies, waged by competing groups that have different support bases and ideologies but share a common enemy in the Pakistani state.

The attack was claimed by an Islamist militant group called Shura Ittehad-ul-Mujahideen, according to a statement sent to Reuters.

The group is headed by warlord Hafiz Gul Bahadur, who had once hosted al-Qaeda and Arab Islamist fighters in the bordering region, said Abdul Basit, an analyst at Singapore's S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. The group initially focused on attacks against US and NATO forces in Afghanistan.

At the time, that stood in stark contrast with Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and its insurgency against the Pakistani government in the country's northwest.

Bahadur's group turned against Pakistan after a major Pakistani military offensive around 2015 that targeted a safe haven of the group in North Waziristan district, Basit said - a military campaign that pushed the group's fighters across the border into Afghanistan.

The long-term repercussions of that shift are still playing out today, said Basit, as Bahadur's group has become "an umbrella of different militant groups where Al-Qaeda is the architect and Gul Bahadur is the face."

While the public focus in Pakistan has been on the TTP, which was behind most of the deadly attacks that have rattled the country, retaliatory Pakistani airstrikes have hit both the TTP and Bahadur's hideouts in Afghanistan since late last year.

Deadly strikes

Afghanistan had launched drones against Pakistan in July, which Islamabad had said its forces had intercepted and shot down.

The worst single incident occurred in March, when more than 400 people were killed in a Pakistani airstrike on Kabul, which the Afghan Taliban said targeted a drug rehabilitation centre.

Islamabad denied the charge, saying it "precisely targeted military installations and terrorist support infrastructure".

Pakistan has a large air force, with 422 combat aircraft and more than 260 helicopters, according to data from the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies.

Afghanistan has no fighter jets but is known to possess at least six aircraft and 23 helicopters, and drones that have previously been used in fighting with Pakistan.